BLADDER CANCER: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Bladder cancer is a malignant neoplasm that originates in the lining epithelium of the urinary bladder, known as the urothelium. It represents the sixth most common neoplasm in the Western world and is associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Bladder cancer is more common in men than women, with a ratio of approximately 3:1. The highest incidence occurs in individuals over 65 years of age, and is rare in people under 40 years of age. The incidence varies geographically, being higher in industrialized countries. Given the great importance of the topic, this narrative literature review brought together articles from the main databases in order to point out the main therapeutic options for the treatment of bladder cancer. It was concluded that the main therapeutic options for bladder cancer include: transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-B), cystectomy, intravesical therapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.