Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação
BRAZILIAN EDUCATION: HISTORY, ADVANCES, AND CHALLENGES
This article aimed to discuss the history, advances, and challenges of Brazilian education in light of its transformations throughout the 20th century. The work employed a qualitative bibliographic research methodology, based on knowledge of issues surrounding the history of Brazilian education. From this bibliographic research, a detailed understanding was sought to highlight the various changes that Brazilian education has undergone. The main result found was that the Brazilian education system—its history, advances, and challenges—is complex, has experienced a trajectory of exclusion and evolution in an attempt at democratization, and faces difficulties in the quality and retention of students. It is divided between infrastructural advances and the challenges of socioeconomic inequalities. The conclusion is that overcoming the barriers that impede educational development requires not only financial investment but also ethical and political commitment and the construction of a quality and democratic public education system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação
THE PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACTS OF BREAST CANCER IN YOUNG ADULT WOMEN: AN INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction: Breast cancer in young adult women (diagnosed before age 40) constitutes a public health concern with specific psychosocial impacts more intense than those observed in older patients, encompassing dimensions of fertility, body image, sexuality, and mental health. Objective: To analyze available scientific evidence on psychosocial impacts of breast cancer in young adult women, identifying interventions with demonstrated efficacy. PICO question: In young adult women with breast cancer (P), what psychosocial impacts (O) are documented, and which interventions (I) demonstrate efficacy? Methods: Integrative literature review in PubMed/MEDLINE and VHL (including LILACS), covering publications from the last five years (2021–2026), conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Results: Twenty-five studies were included. Young women with breast cancer present significantly more intense psychosocial impacts than older patients, including, compromised reproductive function, changes in body image and sexual life, and high rates of anxiety and depression persisting beyond treatment. Mindfulness-integrated cognitive behavioral therapy (MICBT/MBCT), couple-based oncofertility counseling, art therapy, and digital support demonstrated efficacy. Conclusion: Comprehensive care requires early multidisciplinary approaches addressing the specific needs of young women.
TEACHING BEYOND THE GAZE: METHODOLOGIES THAT VALUE MULTIPLE FORMS OF LEARNING
This article aimed to analyze how methodologies that value multiple forms of learning were able to restructure curriculum planning and broaden the understanding of educational processes, considering the complexity of the cognitive, affective, and social dimensions involved in learning. The study focused on overcoming the traditional instructional model through the integration of inclusive principles of didactic organization and evidence produced by contemporary analytical approaches. To achieve this purpose, a qualitative bibliographic research design was adopted, based on the selection, critical reading, and articulation of recent scientific publications identified in a specialized academic database, according to criteria of thematic relevance and recency. The analysis made it possible to identify that curriculum reorganization guided by multiple forms of interaction fostered greater student participation and an expanded understanding of formative processes, although theoretical, methodological, and ethical challenges related to data integration and conceptual interpretation of the findings persisted. It was concluded that the articulation between inclusive pedagogical organization and process-oriented learning analysis represented a coherent strategy to address the heterogeneity of educational contexts, provided that it was supported by consistent theoretical grounding and methodological rigor.
DIGITAL SKILLS OF TEACHERS AND THEIR IMPACT ON LEARNING
<pre id="tw-target-text" class="tw-data-text tw-text-large tw-ta" dir="ltr" tabindex="-1" role="text" data-placeholder="Tradução" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ6Neey82TAxXoj5UCHUCqPbEQ3ewLegQIDBAW" aria-label="Texto traduzido: This article aims to analyze teachers' digital competencies and their impact on learning, considering the transformations brought about by digital culture in the educational field. The study was developed through bibliographic research, with a qualitative approach, based on the analysis of scientific articles, books, and official documents related to teacher training, the pedagogical use of digital technologies, and teaching and learning processes. The discussion shows that teachers' digital competencies are not limited to the technical mastery of tools, but encompass pedagogical, critical, ethical, inclusive, and formative dimensions, fundamental for the qualified mediation of knowledge in contemporary contexts. The results indicate that, when articulated with pedagogical intentionality, these competencies favor student engagement, methodological diversification, personalized teaching, increased accessibility, and the strengthening of meaningful learning. On the other hand, the study also points to persistent challenges, such as weaknesses in initial and continuing training, inequalities in access to technologies, and difficulties in the effective integration between digital resources, curriculum, and pedagogical practice. It is concluded that the development of teachers' digital skills is an essential element for the quality of education and for the consolidation of more reflective, inclusive pedagogical practices that are consistent with the demands of the present time.">This article aims to analyze teachers' digital competencies and their impact on learning, considering the transformations brought about by digital culture in the educational field. The study was developed through bibliographic research, with a qualitative approach, based on the analysis of scientific articles, books, and official documents related to teacher training, the pedagogical use of digital technologies, and teaching and learning processes. The discussion shows that teachers' digital competencies are not limited to the technical mastery of tools, but encompass pedagogical, critical, ethical, inclusive, and formative dimensions, fundamental for the qualified mediation of knowledge in contemporary contexts. The results indicate that, when articulated with pedagogical intentionality, these competencies favor student engagement, methodological diversification, personalized teaching, increased accessibility, and the strengthening of meaningful learning. On the other hand, the study also points to persistent challenges, such as weaknesses in initial and continuing training, inequalities in access to technologies, and difficulties in the effective integration between digital resources, curriculum, and pedagogical practice. It is concluded that the development of teachers' digital skills is an essential element for the quality of education and for the consolidation of more reflective, inclusive pedagogical practices that are consistent with the demands of the present time.
OCULAR LAPAROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF COMPLICATED DIVERTICULITIS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES
Complicated diverticulitis represents a clinically significant condition, frequently associated with adverse outcomes and the need for urgent surgical intervention. In recent years, laparoscopic approaches have gained prominence in the management of this condition, with the potential to reduce morbidity, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to critically review recent literature on the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic treatment in complicated diverticulitis, with emphasis on clinical outcomes. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS databases, covering the period from 2015 to 2025. Systematic reviews, clinical trials, and observational studies evaluating patients with complicated diverticulitis undergoing minimally invasive surgical treatment were included. A total of 25 studies met the eligibility criteria. The results demonstrate that laparoscopic approaches are associated with shorter hospital stays, lower rates of postoperative complications, and more favorable clinical evolution when compared to open surgery. In selected cases, particularly in hemodynamically stable patients, laparoscopy proved to be a safe and effective alternative, including strategies such as primary anastomosis and laparoscopic peritoneal lavage. However, the choice of technique should consider disease severity, especially in advanced stages such as Hinchey III and IV. Despite the observed benefits, there is heterogeneity among studies regarding selection criteria and surgical techniques, which limits the standardization of management. Nevertheless, the findings reinforce the growing role of laparoscopy as a relevant therapeutic strategy in the management of complicated diverticulitis, highlighting the importance of an individualized approach based on patient clinical conditions and surgical team expertise.
MATH MAKER AND FINANCIAL EDUCATION: A PEDAGOGICAL APPROACH FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL THINKING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Financial Education has become an increasingly relevant theme in the contemporary educational context, especially considering the need to develop individuals capable of making conscious decisions related to consumption, planning, and the responsible use of financial resources. Within the field of Mathematics Education, this theme enables the articulation between mathematical concepts and situations present in students' daily lives, contributing to the development of mathematical literacy. However, it is observed that the teaching of these contents still occurs, in many cases, in an abstract and decontextualized manner, limiting students’ understanding of their practical application. In this context, the maker culture has been identified as a promising pedagogical approach, as it values learning processes based on experimentation, artifact creation, and problem-solving. Thus, this article aims to discuss theoretical foundations for the integration between Maker Mathematics and Financial Education in Elementary Education, analyzing how pedagogical practices based on construction and experimentation can support the learning of mathematical concepts related to money management and financial decision-making. This study is characterized as a bibliographic research, grounded in studies on school financial education, maker culture, and mathematics education. The results indicate that the articulation between Maker Mathematics and Financial Education can contribute to the construction of more meaningful learning experiences, fostering the development of applied mathematical thinking and expanding pedagogical possibilities for mathematics teaching in the early years of basic education.
THE STUDENT WITH ADHD AND THE IMPACTS ON THEIR EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS: ANALYZING SCHOOL FAILURE AND NEUROPSYCHOPEDAGOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
In the current context, there has been an increase in the number of children diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as evidenced by poor academic performance. In light of this, this article aims to present the contributions of neuropsychopedagogy to the inclusive education of children with ADHD, addressing the impacts on their executive functions and the resulting academic failure. As specific objectives, it seeks to present the concept and diagnostic characteristics of ADHD and its identification in children in the classroom, analyze the impacts on the executive functions of children with ADHD and the resulting academic failure, and highlight neuropsychopedagogical contributions to this context, emphasizing possibilities for promoting inclusive education. The methodology involves a qualitative literature review to develop this study on the aforementioned themes. Thus, the challenges surrounding the neuropsychopedagogue’s role in the early and effective treatment of children with ADHD require the presence of a multidisciplinary team in schools to transform the educational environment into a safe and autonomous space for both typical and atypical children.
DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT AND PEDAGOGICAL PLANNING: A PROPOSAL FOR A MODEL TO IDENTIFY LEARNING GAPS IN THE EARLY YEARS
<pre id="tw-target-text" class="tw-data-text tw-text-large tw-ta" dir="ltr" tabindex="-1" role="text" data-placeholder="Tradução" data-ved="2ahUKEwj9p7PVmM2TAxUFl5UCHX19Bk4Q3ewLegQIDBAW" aria-label="Texto traduzido: This article discusses diagnostic assessment articulated with pedagogical planning, presenting a proposed model for identifying learning gaps in the early years of elementary school. The objective was to analyze the theoretical foundations of diagnostic and formative assessment and systematize elements that allow for the transformation of data into pedagogical decisions, guiding interventions and monitoring progress. Methodologically, this is a narrative literature review, with a qualitative approach, constructed from studies on learning assessment, feedback, learning regulation, and curricular frameworks. The results indicate that diagnosis is more effective when organized by skills, anchored in frameworks such as the BNCC (Brazilian National Curriculum Base), and integrated into the diagnosis-intervention-monitoring cycle, with feedback and continuous replanning. It was evidenced that a structured model requires short and focused instruments, pedagogical analysis by skill, definition of short-term goals, targeted interventions, and periodic monitoring of progress. It is concluded that adopting a diagnostic model linked to planning strengthens teacher decision-making, promotes real learning progress, and helps to reduce gaps more consistently in the early years.">This article discusses diagnostic assessment articulated with pedagogical planning, presenting a proposed model for identifying learning gaps in the early years of elementary school. The objective was to analyze the theoretical foundations of diagnostic and formative assessment and systematize elements that allow for the transformation of data into pedagogical decisions, guiding interventions and monitoring progress. Methodologically, this is a narrative literature review, with a qualitative approach, constructed from studies on learning assessment, feedback, learning regulation, and curricular frameworks. The results indicate that diagnosis is more effective when organized by skills, anchored in frameworks such as the BNCC (Brazilian National Curriculum Base), and integrated into the diagnosis-intervention-monitoring cycle, with feedback and continuous replanning. It was evidenced that a structured model requires short and focused instruments, pedagogical analysis by skill, definition of short-term goals, targeted interventions, and periodic monitoring of progress. It is concluded that adopting a diagnostic model linked to planning strengthens teacher decision-making, promotes real learning progress, and helps to reduce gaps more consistently in the early years.
THE STATE OF AMAZONAS AS A STRATEGIC CORRIDOR FOR INTERNATIONAL DRUG TRAFFICKING: OPERATIONAL CHALLENGES AND INTERAGENCY STRATEGIES OF THE AMAZONAS MILITARY POLICE IN CONFRONTING CRIMINAL FACTIONS
The consolidation of the state of Amazonas as a strategic corridor for international drug trafficking stems from the combination of its extensive border area, complex river logistics, and low state control capacity in peripheral regions of the Legal Amazon. Within this context, Amazonas articulates routes connecting the main cocaine-producing countries of the Andean region to Brazilian, European, and African consumer markets, increasing the geopolitical relevance of the territory for criminal organizations. This article aims to analyze Amazonas as a strategic corridor for international drug trafficking and examine the operational challenges faced by the Amazonas Military Police (PMAM) in confronting transnational criminal networks, as well as the interagency strategies adopted to expand the state's response capacity. Methodologically, this is a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research, based on a literature review and documentary analysis of scientific articles, official reports, legislation, and public security yearbooks. The results indicate that the expansion of drug trafficking exacerbates socioeconomic inequalities, deepens the vulnerability of riverside and peripheral communities, and is linked to other crimes such as illegal mining and deforestation. They also show that the performance of the Amazonas Military Police (PMAM) is limited by constraints in personnel, infrastructure, and logistics, requiring continued investment in police intelligence, technology, and interagency cooperation, such as the Arpão Bases. It is concluded that, although integration strategies between public security and national defense agencies have produced significant results in increasing seizures and disrupting trafficking routes, structural challenges remain that demand long-term policies combining repressive actions, social prevention, and socio-environmental protection
THE HEALTH OF WORKERS IN THE UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEM: NETWORK ORGANIZATION, SURVEILLANCE, AND PRIMARY CARE ACTIONS
Work is a central determinant of the health-disease process, representing a source of fulfillment or illness. In Brazil, worker's health has been incorporated into the Unified Health System (SUS) as a social right, articulating assistance, surveillance, and health promotion actions. This article aims to review the literature on the organization of the care network, worker's health surveillance, and the role of Primary Health Care in the SUS. This is a qualitative literature review, conducted in national and international databases, using descriptors related to worker's health, SUS, health surveillance, and Primary Care, combined with Boolean operators. The results indicate that worker's health surveillance has a consistent normative framework, highlighting the National Network for Comprehensive Worker's Health Care and the role of Worker's Health Reference Centers in providing technical support to Primary Care teams. Primary Health Care occupies a strategic position in identifying the link between work and illness, in reporting health problems, and in providing longitudinal care to workers, especially through the work of family and community physicians. Despite regulatory advances, challenges persist related to the fragmentation of practices, underreporting, and professional qualification, highlighting the need to strengthen Primary Health Care and Occupational Health Surveillance for the effective implementation of comprehensive care within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).
THE SECURITY OF EVIDENCE IN THE CHAIN OF CUSTODY: APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN TAMPERING PREVENTION
In the pursuit of ensuring the integrity of evidence, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of chain of custody has been studied. In the legal field, evidence gains fundamental importance, since it is what guarantees the authorship of a given crime or infraction. Due to this importance, the problem of evidence reliability is discussed in an orderly fashion, which in the case of this study, it is imperative to delve into the area of ​​preserving the chain of custody of evidence in criminal proceedings. The institute entered the scene in the Brazilian legal system through the insertion of articles 158-A to 158-F from Law 13.964 of 2019 (better known as the Anti-Crime Package). Given this scenario, the present study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence as a measure to prevent the security of evidence in the chain of custody. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic review, based on scientific articles, books, periodicals, and current legislation on the respective topic. Data collection was carried out using databases such as Scielo, Google Scholar, among others, from 2020 to 2026. The results concluded that the applications of Artificial Intelligence in preventing chain-of-custody violations represent a significant advance in strengthening legal certainty and the reliability of criminal evidence. When correctly implemented, with normative support and adequate institutional control, these tools contribute to preserving the integrity of evidence, reducing errors, and consolidating a more efficient, transparent criminal justice system aligned with constitutional principles.
TEACHERS’ DIGITAL COMPETENCE: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
The growing presence of digital technologies in educational contexts has intensified the debate on teachers’ digital competence, understood as the set of knowledge, skills, and attitudes required for the pedagogical, critical, and ethical use of technologies in the teaching–learning process. In view of the transformations imposed by digital culture, teachers’ professional practice faces new demands that go beyond the technical mastery of tools and require qualified pedagogical mediation, critical reflection, and a commitment to the holistic development of students. In this context, the present study aims to analyze, through a systematic literature review, the theoretical and empirical approaches to teachers’ digital competence, identifying conceptions, challenges, and implications for pedagogical practice and teacher education. Methodologically, this study consists of a qualitative systematic review conducted through the careful selection of scientific articles, books, and official documents published over the last ten years in recognized education databases. The results indicate that teachers’ digital competence is understood as a multidimensional construct involving pedagogical, didactic, ethical, and critical aspects, and that its fragility is mainly associated with gaps in initial and continuing teacher education. It is concluded that the development of teachers’ digital competence is an essential condition for the meaningful integration of technologies in education, requiring consistent training policies and pedagogical practices aligned with the demands of contemporary society.
DISCRETION IN POLICE LAW AND THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUALITY: THE LEGALITY OF TACTICAL ADAPTATION IN OPERATIONAL SCENARIOS IN MANAUS
This scientific article analyzes the legality and operational necessity of tactical adaptation in the procedures of the Military Police of Amazonas (PMAM) facing the complex risk scenarios found in the "red zones" of Manaus. The research discusses the tension between legitimate administrative discretion and arbitrariness, from the perspective of the constitutional principle of material equality, the public order framework of Article 144, and the emerging doctrine of Police Law. The methodology employed is bibliographical and documentary research, with the application of the discourse analysis technique on current standards (such as Interministerial Ordinance No. 4,226/2010), jurisprudence on reasonable suspicion, and recent academic production. The results demonstrate that the modulation of the use of force and tactical resources — embodied in long weapons and motorcycle patrolling — does not violate legal equality, being a technical imperative for survival. It also concludes that the integrated use of technologies, such as drones and body cameras, acts as the ultimate legal guarantee of the legality of these actions in urban conflict zones.
AFFECTIVITY AND LEARNING IN PET-SAÚDE EQUIDADE: REFLETIONS ON THE EXPERIENCE FROM HENRI WALLON AND BELL HOOKS
This study aims to analyze the theories of Henri Wallon and bell hooks, highlighting how the understanding of the affective dimension in teaching-learning processes, combined with a pedagogy engaged in freedom, can support continuing education initiatives in the health sector, based on the experiences of PET-Health Equity Group 5 Jequié. A bibliographic review of Wallon’s and hooks’ theories was conducted, along with a qualitative analysis of the materials and practices developed by Group 5 Jequié within the program. Engaging with these authors’ works facilitated the creation of welcoming and democratic environments, positively impacting professionals’ awareness of social inequalities. It is concluded that integrating the works of Henri Wallon and bell hooks can aid in the development of pedagogical practices for the continuing education of health professionals.
PUBLIC SECURITY AS A PEDAGOGICAL PILLAR: AN ANALYSIS OF THE CIVIC-MILITARY MODEL AND THE PESAC PROJECT IN ADDRESSING SCHOOL VIOLENCE IN AMAZONAS
This article analyzes the Safe School, Citizen Student Project (PESAC) in Manaus, Amazonas, as a tool for addressing school violence. The general objective is to describe the project's profile as a factor of social transformation and its effectiveness within the educational setting. The methodology is based on an exploratory and descriptive bibliographic survey, with a qualitative approach grounded in scientific and documentary sources. Results indicate that the civic-military management model contributes significantly to reducing violence rates, such as aggression and vandalism, and improving pedagogical performance. Final considerations validate the hypothesis that the inclusion of values such as discipline, civism, and meritocracy provides new future perspectives for vulnerable youth. It is concluded that PESAC acts as a strategic pedagogical pillar for public safety and citizenship.
THE USE OF CRIME PREDICTION ALGORITHMS (PREDICTIVE POLICING) WITHIN THE MILITARY POLICE OF THE STATE OF AMAZONAS: AN ANALYSIS OF COMPLIANCE WITH DATA PROTECTION AND THE PRINCIPLE OF NON-DISCRIMINATION
This article analyzes the administrative decision-making process of the Amazonas Military Police (PMAM) mediated by artificial intelligence systems. The central focus is the legal nature of the police algorithm as an automated administrative act and its compliance with the legal system. The general objective is to evaluate the tension between efficiency in resource allocation and the protection of sensitive personal data, seeking to identify requirements so that predictive policing does not violate constitutional guarantees. The methodology adopts a qualitative and explanatory approach, using deductive, bibliographic, and documentary methods, in addition to discourse analysis. The results indicate that algorithmic opacity and the use of biased historical data can perpetuate penal selectivity and structural racism. It is concluded that technological compatibility requires the adoption of algorithmic compliance, guaranteeing auditability by the Public Prosecutor's Office and the right to human explanation. These guidelines are fundamental to ensuring that innovation in Amazonian public security results in effectiveness without compromising the dignity and freedom of the citizen.
THE ROLE OF CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS IN LATIN AMERICA AND INTERNATIONAL DRUG TRAFFICKING
This paper aims to study criminal associations and international drug trafficking, that is, the attempt to analyze how these organizations are formed, with the main focus on drug trafficking and the concomitant occurrence of various other crimes. Because, today, the international drug trade is present all over the world and generates several social and moral problems in several countries, with Latin America as the biggest drug production in the world. Finally, we sought to analyze how the fight against these associations is done. It is worth mentioning that the study uses the inductive method associated with bibliographic research, observing the classes provided in the Law Course of the Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe University (UNIARP) and rules of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT).
This study aims to analyze the factors that have influenced the mental illness of teachers, with a greater emphasis on Burnout Syndrome. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the causes of Burnout Syndrome in teaching professionals. This research involves a literature review, analyzing and verifying information and aspects that correlate with the focused theme. The search was conducted in the following indexed article databases: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and Google Scholar. The studies highlighted some of the main causes of burnout syndrome in teachers: devaluation of professionals; violence; emotional exhaustion; conflicts with students; harassment; overload; and lack of organizational support. It is important to note that during the selection of studies, it was also observed that teachers are subjected daily to various factors that can emerge and also exacerbate burnout syndrome. Thus, the real need to promote interventions to at least begin to minimize this intense problem becomes increasingly clear. It is concluded that it is necessary to strengthen public policies in favor of a strategy that can actually solve the problem, taking into account the importance of the mental health of these professionals. Finally, it is undeniable that there is a need to conduct new research with other designs and variables to further disseminate knowledge about Burnout, as well as coping strategies to be used for the benefit of teachers, favoring, above all, their mental health.
THE IMPORTANCE OF STRENGTHENING THE PRISON POLICE IN THE AMAZONIAN PUBLIC SECURITY SYSTEM
This article analyzes the institutional importance of the Prison Police in the public security of Amazonas, focusing on the identity transition of these professionals and the management of the prison system under a co-management regime. The general objective is to verify how the strengthening of this career contributes to the effectiveness of criminal enforcement and the maintenance of citizenship. To this end, specific objectives were defined: to describe the structure of the Amazonian penitentiary system under the co-management regime; to analyze the legal and identity frameworks of the creation of the Prison Police; and to evaluate the cost indicators and pedagogical productivity of the state's prison units. The methodology adopted was basic bibliographic and documentary research, with a mixed approach and analysis of official statistical data. The results indicate that, although the outsourcing model in Amazonas presents high costs, it ensures regularity in material assistance, yet still suffers from gaps in pedagogical and educational infrastructure. The final considerations point out that the strengthening of the Prison Police is the indispensable vector for the State to regain strategic control of the units, ensuring that resettlement and legal security are effectively implemented.
AFFECTION AS A NEW ASSET: LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF SOCIO-AFFECTIVE PATERNITY
The legal recognition of socio-affective paternity constitutes one of the most significant transformations in contemporary Family Law, expanding the concept of filiation beyond biological ties. In this context, the obligation to provide alimony has been extended to relationships founded on coexistence and affection, allowing individuals who have assumed parental roles to be held responsible for alimony payments even in the absence of blood ties. This study analyzes the phenomenon of the patrimonialization of affection resulting from this legal recognition, investigating its legal implications and social effects within the Brazilian legal system. The research adopts a qualitative approach of a dogmatic-legal nature, based on legislative, doctrinal, and jurisprudential analysis, especially from the interpretation of Article 1.593 of the Brazilian Civil Code, Statement 103 of the CJF/STJ, and Topic 622 of the Federal Supreme Court. The analysis demonstrates that although the extension of patrimonial effects to socio-affective filiation represents an important mechanism for protecting children and adolescents inserted in families formed through coexistence, it also raises relevant challenges, such as the patrimonialization of affective relationships, legal uncertainty resulting from the absence of objective criteria, and the increasing judicialization of family relationships. It is concluded that the development of clearer interpretative parameters—particularly regarding the voluntariness in assuming the parental bond, proportionality in defining patrimonial obligations, and the prohibition of unjust enrichment—is essential to balance the protection of genuine family bonds with the preservation of the spontaneity of affective relationships.
EROSIVE IMPACTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE COLÔNIA RIVER DAM: DIAGNOSIS AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT
The construction of dams in tropical watersheds with a history of intensive land use represents a high-impact intervention, altering hydrological regimes and geomorphological processes. Although erosive impacts are recognized, integrated diagnoses are needed to consider the interaction between natural fragility and dam-induced changes to support sustainable management. This study analyzes the erosive processes associated with the Colônia River dam (Bahia, Brazil), integrating pedological and geomorphological information with the multi-temporal dynamics of land use. This descriptive and analytical research utilized secondary data, technical reports, and historical series from MapBiomas (1992-2022) to identify spatial patterns and trends before and after the reservoir's implementation in 2018. The data indicate a 3.8% reduction in pasture areas and a 4.3% increase in forest cover, composed of regenerating secondary vegetation. However, the predominance of erosion-susceptible soils (Ultisols and Cambisols) and the degradation of permanent preservation areas maintain the high erosive vulnerability of the basin. It is concluded that erosive processes result from the interaction between natural fragility and historical land use, intensified by the reservoir's operation, demanding environmental planning and conservationist actions to mitigate siltation.
THE IMPACT OF DEJUDICIALIZATION IN BRAZIL: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE AND SOCIAL FUNCTION OF EXTRAJUDICIAL SERVICES
This study examines how the transfer of judicial procedures to the extrajudicial sphere, through notarial and registry offices, has influenced the Brazilian legal system. The article addresses the historical evolution of dejudicialization, highlighting legislative milestones such as Law No. 11,441/2007 and Law No. 13,465/2017, which facilitated the performance of divorces, probate proceedings, and land regularization before notarial offices, thereby reducing the burden on the Judiciary and promoting greater procedural speed and accessibility for citizens. The critical analysis underscores the benefits of dejudicialization, including cost reduction and the expansion of access to justice, particularly for vulnerable populations. Nevertheless, it also identifies challenges such as the lack of procedural uniformity, potential risks to legal certainty, and the need for enhanced training of notaries and registrars. The study further discusses the economic impact of dejudicialization, emphasizing the savings generated for both the State and citizens, as well as the role of notarial offices in mediation and conciliation of disputes. Finally, recommendations are presented for the improvement of the system, including the standardization of procedures and the technological modernization of extrajudicial services, with a view to ensuring greater efficiency and legal certainty.
PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION IN THE DIGITAL AGE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN BRAZIL’S LGPD AND THE EUROPEAN GDPR
This paper analyzes how - and to what extent - Brazil’s General Data Protection Law (LGPD) and the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) safeguard personal data subjects. It assesses compliance costs and enforcement barriers within the landscape of “surveillance capitalism”, comparing the statutes’ legal bases, data‑subject rights, organizational obligations, and sanctions. A qualitative methodology grounded in bibliographic and documentary review reveals that the GDPR benefits from greater regulatory maturity and consistent oversight, whereas the LGPD still contends with institutional strengthening of Brazil’s National Data Protection Authority (ANPD) and the spread of a robust compliance culture. The study underscores the need for normative harmonization and incentives for responsible innovation to achieve effective personal data protection without hindering technological development. It concludes that supplementary regulations, sustained enforcement, and strong data‑governance practices are essential to overcome current limitations and keep pace with evolving digital technologies.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LGPD IN ENSURING THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT TO DATA PROTECTION: AN ANALYSIS OF THE REGULATORY ROLE OF THE ANPD
This article aims to assess whether the Brazilian General Data Protection Law (LGPD) has been effective, through the National Data Protection Authority (ANPD), in safeguarding this fundamental right. To this end, it analyzes the core legal provisions of the LGPD and their constitutional alignment; identifies the institutional role and constraints of the ANPD; and examines the impact of enforcement on the data protection culture and on data subjects’ awareness. The methodology consists of a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive approach, based on bibliographic review and documentary analysis of the Federal Constitution, the LGPD, the Brazilian Civil Rights Framework for the Internet, as well as normative acts and reports issued by the ANPD, applying the deductive method and content analysis of the sources. It is concluded that, although the LGPD represents an important regulatory milestone, the ANPD’s performance faces structural, budgetary, and decisional autonomy challenges that limit its capacity to fully ensure the fundamental right to data protection in Brazil.
(RE)THINKING THE OTHER: DISCUSSIONS ON BARBARISM AND CIVILIZATION IN LATIN AMERICA
This article aims to discuss the opposition between barbarism and civilization in Spanish and Portuguese America in relation to Black and Indigenous peoples. From discovery, through conquest and colonization, to the formation of the nation-state. The Other emerges as backward and underdeveloped, in contrast to the civilized and modern self. This process is marked by racializing discursive operations whose pursuit of wealth and expansion of Christianity denied the existence of the Other as a subject. The discourse of the discoverer/colonizer is where this symbolic narrative, which acts in the semantic field, is realized and constructed. The quest for modernization represents the consolidation of racializing discourses in Latin America, in which the notion of civilized/modern and savage/backward was only in the sense of making the transition from one state to another through imposition, whose reflections in thought remain in force. Understanding the opposition between barbarism and civilization in the discourse of the discoverer of America and how racializing discursive operations are carried out is supported by documents, records, legal expressions, letters, reports, and chronicles of the time, which reveal the racist treatment of indigenous peoples and, later, Black people. The opposition between barbarism and civilization reveals the discourse of the self in relation to the Other and its function in the extralinguistic world, in addition to highlighting the relationship between language and truth practiced by the discoverer/colonizer. Concepts that sought to impose colonial thinking and culture as markers of civilization permeate the history of Latin America, as well as the construction of the nation-state.
PHARMACEUTICAL RESIDUES IN THE ENVIRONMENT: IMPACTS OF IMPROPER MEDICATION DISPOSAL AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES
Improper medication disposal has been recognized as an environmental and public health issue due to the release of pharmaceutical residues into the environment and their potential ecotoxicological effects. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the environmental impacts associated with improper medication disposal and to identify mitigation strategies discussed in the scientific literature. This is a qualitative study developed through an integrative literature review, with content analysis of the selected publications according to Bardin’s method. The bibliographic search was conducted in scientific databases, resulting in the constitution of a corpus composed of 13 publications. The findings indicate that inadequate storage and disposal practices, combined with the limitations of conventional wastewater treatment systems, contribute to the persistence of pharmaceutical residues in the environment and to the occurrence of ecotoxicological effects and public health risks. It is concluded that mitigating these impacts requires an integrated approach involving effective public policies, strengthening of reverse logistics, health education actions and the careful adoption of treatment technologies, aiming at more sustainable pharmaceutical waste management.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NEUROPSYCHOPEDAGOGUE'S ROLE IN THE SCHOOL CONTEXT
In a scenario where the number of students with learning difficulties has increased, the need for qualified professionals to understand the factors that interfere with the learning process is evident. In this context, the importance of the neuropsychopedagogue in the school environment is highlighted, since they are familiar with the fundamentals of neuroscience studies applied to education, contemporary pedagogy, and psychology—areas that investigate behavior and mental processes related to how learning occurs in the brain. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the contribution of neuropsychopedagogy to the teaching and learning process, highlighting its relevance as support for teaching practice and emphasizing the role of the neuropsychopedagogue in the school context. For the development of the research, we used a qualitative approach, characterized as a literature review. The results showed neuropsychopedagogy as a preventive and interventional approach, enabling the identification of difficulties that interfere with learning development. Thus, it is concluded that this is a propitious opportunity to demonstrate the importance of the neuropsychopedagogue's work, which is so necessary in the face of learning problems and difficulties in the educational system.
EFFICACY AND CLINICAL IMPACT OF HYALURONIC ACID VISCOSUPPLEMENTATION IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a fundamental polysaccharide of the articular extracellular matrix, essential for lubrication and shock absorption in the knee. In patients with osteoarthritis (OA), there is a critical reduction in the concentration and molecular weight of this compound. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and clinical effects of viscosupplementation treatment with HA in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methodology: This is a descriptive literature review with a qualitative approach. Eleven articles were selected from the PubMed database, published between 2018 and 2023, using specific descriptors such as "viscosupplementation" and "hyaluronic acid". Results: The analyzed data confirm that viscosupplementation is effective in suppressing inflammatory pathways and stimulating the production of endogenous HA. Significant improvements were observed in pain scores, joint stiffness, and physical performance. Conclusion: The treatment demonstrates clinical efficacy and safety, contributing to the patient's quality of life. However, it should be noted that this technique should preferably be used in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities, including surgical intervention when necessary, and should not serve as a complete substitute for it.
NEONATAL HYPOGLYCEMIA: METABOLIC MECHANISM, CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS, AND PREVENTION
Neonatal hypoglycemia is a frequent condition in the postnatal period, associated with significant clinical and metabolic repercussions. This study aimed to analyze neonatal hypoglycemia from the perspective of the metabolic mechanisms involved, its clinical implications, and prevention strategies. This is a literature review, with a qualitative and descriptive approach, conducted using the PICO strategy. The search was performed in the SciELO, LILACS, and MEDLINE databases, using descriptors related to neonatal hypoglycemia, metabolism, and prevention, combined with Boolean operators. Articles published between 2020 and 2025, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, available in full text, were included. Ten studies were selected after applying the eligibility and screening criteria. The results showed that neonatal hypoglycemia has a multifactorial etiology, highlighting mechanisms such as hyperinsulinism, immaturity of metabolic pathways, and increased energy consumption, especially in conditions such as hypothermia. Furthermore, effective prevention and management strategies were identified, including thermal control, skin-to-skin contact, encouragement of breastfeeding, administration of dextrose gel, and the implementation of care protocols such as the "Golden Hour." The relevance of professional training, through methodologies such as telesimulation, was also observed. It is concluded that understanding the metabolic mechanisms associated with neonatal hypoglycemia is essential for the adoption of safe and effective care practices. The implementation of preventive strategies and the strengthening of health education are fundamental for reducing complications and promoting better neonatal outcomes.