THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BIODIGESTER AS A SOURCE OF ECONOMIC GAIN IN THE MORRO GRANDE FARM, SOUTH MINAS

: Were analyzed during a technical visit carried out in the environmental engineering course at the State University of Minas Gerais at the Morro Verde farm located in the municipality of São João Batista do Glória, in the southern region of Minas Gerais (Brazil). The technologies implemented in the business were observed which, for that reason, are recognized in the national territory as examples of the applicability of sustainability in the economy. The farm has the production of biogas which is the fermentation process that leads to anaerobic digestion by bacteria resulting in the production of biogas (basically methane - CH4), this gas is transported to the energy generator that is used in the productive processes of the farm. All the organic matter generated by the cows is somehow reused on the farm, including the by-product generated after passing through the hydraulic press that is used as a form of fertilizer for planting. After adopting sustainability, the farm had a reduction of more than 90 thousand reais in energy consumption resulting from the photovoltaic energy panels and biogas production, proving that being sustainable is economically viable.

ABSTRACT: Were analyzed during a technical visit carried out in the environmental engineering course at the State University of Minas Gerais at the Morro Verde farm located in the municipality of São João Batista do Glória, in the southern region of Minas Gerais (Brazil). The technologies implemented in the business were observed which, for that reason, are recognized in the national territory as examples of the applicability of sustainability in the economy. The farm has the production of biogas which is the fermentation process that leads to anaerobic digestion by bacteria resulting in the production of biogas (basically methane -CH4), this gas is transported to the energy generator that is used in the productive processes of the farm. All the organic matter generated by the cows is somehow reused on the farm, including the by-product generated after passing through the hydraulic press that is used as a form of fertilizer for planting. After adopting sustainability, the farm had a reduction of more than 90 thousand reais in energy consumption resulting from the photovoltaic energy panels and biogas production, proving that being sustainable is economically viable.

INTRODUCTION
According to Dotto and Wolf (2012)  Animal waste is responsible for the generation of gases that are harmful to the environment, resulting from the degradation of matter, mainly methane CH4.

(MÜLLER 1987)
Biogas is a mixture of 40 to 75% methane (CH4) and has a calorific value between 23338.52 and 6253.01 kcal/m3 (IANNICELLI, 2008). We can analyze that the data presented in figure 1.2 shows the energy equivalence of biogas with 60% methane whencompared to other fuels.

METHODOLOGY
Implementing a biodigester on a dairy farm involves steps that generally include: Viability study: The owner of the farm, together with the management team, went through a long process of study so that the biodigester could be adapted to his Construction and installation: After sizing, the biodigester was built and the necessary equipment was installed, such as mixers, agitators, and pumps, among others.
Tests and adjustments: It is necessary to carry out tests and adjustments to the system to ensure proper functioning and optimization of biogas and fertilizer production.
Operation and maintenance: The training of those responsible for operating the biodigester and implementing a preventive and corrective maintenance plan has been improved and monitored by the farm owner, in order to optimize the process.

RESULTS
On the property there is a rainwater catchment basin that is used to wash the organic matter generated by the cows, the basin was strategically installed taking advantage of the slope of the land (installed in the lowest part) with this, no pump is needed to carry rainwater to the catchment basin. The water is pumped to the sheds where the animals stay and generate the organic matter, it washes away all the generated matter that is taken to the beginning of the biogas production process. After being washed, this water will pass through the decantation basin and also through the conveyor belt where the separation of particles of different densities will take place. The sand that makes up the bed of the cows and ends up going to the area where the washing takes place is recovered in this process. The hydraulic press is used to separate the liquid from the solid, on the farm the solid material that passes through the press is used in planting crops as fertilizer since it is rich in nutrients needed by the plants. There is also the fertilizer generated this liquid material is rich in nutrients and is used for crops as well. The probability of also covering where the fertilizer is stored is being studied, since it can also produce biogas. It is estimated that the process for biogas generation takes around 35 to 42 days, the temperatures will also influence the productivity and acceleration of the process.

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
The implementation of a biogas production system is not cheap, however, the benefits generated by it are of great value looking at the economic side. The farm had a drastic reduction in the amount of energy consumed thanks to the implementation of the high-tech system, proving that sustainability and economic viability can go together, the farm also has a photovoltaic energy production system that also helps a lot in reducing consumption. spent. The farm is also a model for the southern region of Minas Gerais who seek to apply the biodigester on their respective properties.